Hungarian 1951 7.62x54r Lead Core Light Ball
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This ammunition came on the US market in the spring of 2006 and quickly sold out, primarily due to the stripper clips that are packaged with it.  The packaging itself hints at a history that is more interesting than the ammo itself.  At least two types of crates were used, each containing 540 rounds.  The original markings are stenciled over with the words "Ministry of Health, Nicaragua" in Spanish and a large white cross.  It's surmised that this ammunition was sent clandestinely to communist forces in Nicaragua during the Cold War disguised as medical supplies.  Each crate shows signs of being opened, one of four packages inside being opened, and several individual boxes being opened and then resealed with tape.  From the condition of the tape it does not appear to have been done recently.  The ammunition itself functions reliably and although accuracy is not on a par with some more recent surplus, it is acceptable considering the age.  The original stripper clips are a tremendous bonus as they have been difficult to find and expensive when available.

Funding for this evaluation was provided by "gun_nut_73" of Gunboards.com.  Thanks to "Springbank" for range assistance.

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(Reference number 032)

Case Primer Over all Length Powder
Headstamp Material Coating Water Volume Berdan Min. Max. Weight
"21" (country) over "51" (year) steel copper wash 65.5 gr. Corrosive 3.010" 3.020" 49.0 gr.

 

Bullet
Dia. Length Weight Style Core Tip Color Magnetic? Ballistic
Coefficient
Sectional
Density
.310" 1.118" 148.8 gr. spitzer flat base lead none yes 0.431 0.221

 

Package
5 rounds per stripper clip 15 rounds per box on stripper clips 8 or 10 boxes per paper bundle
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540 rounds per wooden crate 540 rounds per wooden crate 540 rounds per wooden crate
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Measured Muzzle Velocity in Feet per Second (10 shot string)
Rifle M44 M28 M91/30 M91 (Finnish) M91 (Russian)
Low 2664 2756 2824 2873 2748
High 2718 2911 2946 2972 2816
Average 2691 2837 2876 2911 2775
Extreme Spread 54 155 122 99 68
Standard Deviation 23 46 39 30 22
Trajectory and Drop Graph
(click on the thumbnails)
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Notes on the graphs  The graphs above each represent two sets of data.  The red line is the path of the bullet fired from the rifle with the sights zeroed at 200 yards.   The bullet exits the muzzle at a distance a fraction of an inch below zero inches.   This represents the height of the sight over the centerline of the bore.  The bullet rises above zero in a trajectory that then passes through zero again at 200 yards and continues downward.  The blue line is the the bullet drop in inches for the distance traveled.  This begins at the muzzle at zero inches and decreases with distance not taking sight height or zero distance into account.

 

Trajectory Comparison Graph
This graph combines the trajectories of the 5 graphs above to compare the performance of the test rifles.
Click on the graph for a large, scalable PDF to zoom in for better detail clarity.  Adobe Reader required.

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Bullet Velocity to 500 yards in Feet per Second

Distance (yds) 0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400 450 500
M44 2691 2588 2486 2387 2290 2195 2103 2012 1924 1838 1756
M28 2837 2730 2625 2523 2423 2325 2229 2136 2045 1956 1869
M91/30 2876 2768 2662 2559 2458 2359 2263 2169 2077 1988 1899
M91 (Finnish) 2911 2802 2696 2592 2490 2391 2294 2199 2107 2016 1928
M91 (Russian) 2775 2669 2566 2465 2366 2269 2175 2083 1994 1905 1820

 

Bullet Energy to 500 yards in Foot Pounds

Distance (yds) 0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400 450 500
M44 2396 2215 2045 1884 1734 1594 1463 1339 1224 1118 1020
M28 2663 2465 2280 2105 1942 1788 1644 1510 1383 1265 1156
M91/30 2736 2534 2344 2166 1998 1841 1694 1556 1427 1307 1193
M91 (Finnish) 2804 2598 2404 2222 2052 1891 1741 1600 1468 1344 1229
M91 (Russian) 2547 2357 2178 2009 1852 1704 1565 1436 1315 1201 1096

 

Recoil

Rifle M44 (Soviet) M28 (Finnish) M91/30 (Soviet) M91 (Finnish) M91 (Russian)
Weight (Pounds) 8.25 lbs 9.75 lbs 8.56 lbs 9.5 lbs 9.38 lbs
Recoil Velocity (Feet per Second) 10.9 fps 9.7 fps 11.2 fps 10.3 fps 9.9 fps
Recoil Energy (Foot-Pound) 15.2 ft-lb 14.4 ft-lb 16.8 ft-lb 15.6 ft-lb 14.3 ft-lb


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